ÍýÏÀ¤ÎÉáÊ×À­


´ÉÍý¿Í¤Î¥Ú¡¼¥¸

¥¯¥Ë¡¼¥ë/¥Ê¥»¥ÒÃø¡Ø¥ë¡¼¥Þ¥ó ¼Ò²ñ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥àÍýÏÀ¡Ù¤ÎÂè­·¾Ï¤Ë¡Ö¡Ä¡Ä¥ë¡¼¥Þ¥ó¤Ï¤ß¤º¤«¤é¤ÎÍýÏÀŪ¹½ÁÛ¤ËÂФ·¤ÆÉáÊ×À­¤ÎÍ×µá¤ò·Ç¤²¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡Ä¡Ä¡×¤È¤¤¤¦µ­½Ò¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£ÍýÏÀ¤ÎÉáÊ×À­Í×µá¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£Æ±½ñ¤Ç¤â»ØŦ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤¬¡¢ÍýÏÀ¤ËÂФ·¤ÆÉáÊ×À­¤òÍ׵᤹¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ï¡¢Í£°ì¤ÎÀµÅöÀ­¤äÀäÂÐŪ¤Ê¿¿ÍýÀ­¤òÍ׵᤹¤ë¤³¤È¤È¤ÏÊ̤Τâ¤Î¤Ê¤Î¤À¡£¥ë¡¼¥Þ¥óÃø¡Ø¼Ò²ñ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥àÍýÏÀ¡Ù¤Î½øʸ¤Ï¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë»ØŦ¤¹¤ë¡£

¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤ÎÍýÏÀ¤¬¡¢¤½¤¦¤·¤¿ÉáÊ×À­¤òÍ׵ᤷ¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤«¤É¤¦¤«¤Ï¡¢¤½¤ÎÍýÏÀ¤¬¤½¤ÎÍýÏÀ¼«ÂΤò¤ß¤º¤«¤é¤Î¸ÇÍ­¤ÎÂоݤȤ·¤Æ¸«¤¤¤À¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«¤É¤¦¤«¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤ÆÍưפ˼±Ê̤Ǥ­¤ë¡Ê¤È¤¤¤¦¤Î¤â¡¢¤½¤ÎÍýÏÀ¤¬¤ß¤º¤«¤é¤ò¤½¤ÎÂоݤ«¤éÇÓ½ü¤·¤è¤¦¤È¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ì¤Ð¡¢ÉáÊ×À­¤òÃÇÇ°¤»¤¶¤ë¤ò¤¨¤Ê¤¤¤Ç¤¢¤í¤¦¡Ë¡£
Theories that claim universality are easily recognaized by the fact that they appear as their own object. (If they wanted to exclude themselves, they would have to surrender the claim to universality.)

ÉáÊ×À­¤òÍ׵ᤷ¤Æ¤¤¤ëÍýÏÀ¤Ï¡¢¼«¸Ê½àµòŪ¤ÊÍýÏÀ¤Ë¤Û¤«¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£¤½¤¦¤·¤¿ÍýÏÀ¤Ï¡¢¤Þ¤¿¤Ä¤Í¤Ë¤ß¤º¤«¤é¤ÎÂоݤˤª¤¤¤Æ¡¢¤½¤ÎÍýÏÀ¤½¤ì¼«ÂΤˤĤ¤¤Æ²¿¤«¤ò³Ø¤ó¤Ç¤¤¤ë¡£
... theories that make a claim to universality are self-referential. At the same time, they always learn something about themselves from their objects.

¼«Ê¬¤ÎÍýÏÀ¤ÎÂоݤȤ·¤Æ¼«Ê¬¤ÎÍýÏÀ¤òÇÓ½ü¤·¤Ê¤¤¡£¤³¤ì¤ÏÍýÀ­ÈãȽ¤ò·«¤ê¹­¤²¤¿Åö¤Î¥Õ¥é¥ó¥¯¥Õ¥ë¥È³ØÇɼ«ÂΤ¬ÍýÀ­¤ò»È¤Ã¤ÆÍýÀ­ÈãȽ¤ò¹Ô¤Ã¤¿¤³¤È¤Ø¤Î¿Éíå¤Ê²ü¤á¤Ê¤Î¤À¤í¤¦¤«¡©¡¡¤È¤Ë¤«¤¯¡¢¤³¤¦¤·¤¿ÍýÏÀ¤Ë½Ð²ñ¤¦¤Î¤Ï¤ï¤¿¤·¤Ï½é¤á¤Æ¤Ê¤Î¤Ç¡¢¤¤¤Þ¤«¤é¥ï¥¯¥ï¥¯¤·¤Æ¤¯¤ë¤Î¤ÈƱ»þ¤Ë¡¢¤³¤ÎÍýÏÀ¤òÆɤ߿ʤá¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤É¤ó¤Êº¤Æñ¤ò¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¾è¤êÀڤäƤ¤¤¯¤Î¤«¸«¼é¤ê¤Ê¤¬¤é¿µ½Å¤ËÀºÆɤ·¤Æ¤¤¤­¤¿¤¤¡£¶ñÂÎŪ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¼«Ê¬¤ÎÍýÏÀ¤ÎÂоݤȤ·¤Æ¼«Ê¬¤ÎÍýÏÀ¤òÇÓ½ü¤·¤Ê¤¤¤È¤¤¤¦±ß´ÄŪ¤Ê¥¤¥á¡¼¥¸¤Ï¡¢¡Ö¥Ñ¥é¥É¥¯¥¹¡×¤È¤¤¤ï¤ì¤ë¤â¤Î¤È¤É¤¦´Ø·¸¤·¤Æ¤¤¤¯¤Î¤«¤È¤¤¤¦ÅÀ¤ËÃí°Õ¤òʧ¤Ã¤ÆÆɤ߿ʤá¤Æ¤¤¤­¤¿¤¤¡£¡¡